rising diphthong a diphthong in which the first of two apparent vocalic elements is of lesser stress or sonority than the second, as the (wä) in guava /ˈgwɑ və/ (Show IPA).consonant A consonant is a sound such as 'p', 'f', 'n', or 't' which you pronounce by stopping the air flowing freely through your mouth.falling diphthong a diphthong in which the first of the two apparent vocalic elements is of greater stress or sonority and the second is of lesser stress or sonority, as in (ī), (ou), (oi), etc.Link to next unit: BASIC RULES FOR SPECIES COUNTERPOINTĬopyright © 2008-2009 by Phillip Magnuson.Ĭontent on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Less stable position Chordal fifth in the bass:Ĭontinue to drill past material at Ricci Adams' music .Ĭhapter 1. Most stable position Chordal third in the bass: Root position 1st inversion 2nd inversion The second inversion is the least stable aurally, like a cone on its point the cone cannot maintain its position.The first inversion is less stable aurally, like a cone lying on its side the cone maintains its relative position, but is not fixed in one place.
Positions of triads and tetrads are determined by the bass only the placement of chord factors in the upper voices are irrelevant to defining position. These names are the same for tetrads, with the CHORDAL SEVENTH being the extra note.Īny chord factor may occur in the bass voice, creating different POSITIONS for these sonorities. The basic tetrads:Įach part of a triad has a specific name: when stacked in 3rds, the ROOT is the bottom note, the CHORDAL THIRD is in the middle, and the CHORDAL FIFTH is the top. These are also known as SEVENTH CHORDS, named for the interval from the bottom pitch to the top one.Īll tertian tetrads have two names: one for the triad on the bottom (major, minor, diminished, or augmented) and a second for the type of 7th (M7, m7, or d7). It is possible to stack one more 3rd on top of a triad, creating a TERTIAN TETRAD (four notes stacked in 3rds). Begin by learning all the basic triads (natural notes) first. The fourth one, two M3's, outlining an A5, is called an AUGMENTED TRIAD (A).Ĭalculating triads is a matter of stacking pitches into 3rds and identifying the intervals.The third one, two m3's outlining a d5, is called a DIMINISHED TRIAD (d).
The second one, a m3 on the bottom and a M3 on top, is called a MINOR TRIAD (m).The first one, a M3 on the bottom and a m3 on top, is called a MAJOR TRIAD (M).There are only four possible combinations with these two intervals: A triad is a collection of three different pitches, and tertian indicates that these pitches are stacked in intervals of 3rds (either major or minor). The basic sonority of the Common Practice Period is the TERTIAN TRIAD. SONORITY is a generic term for a collection of pitches that may be sounded simultaneously it can be interchangeable with words such as "chord" or "harmony". The essential sonority of the Common Practice Period is consonant and is a group of three notes arranged in thirds.ĭissonance can be used on occasion in the form of a group of four notes arranged in thirds (a tertian tetrad)Ĭhapter 1. Sonorities, and Time Organization in Western Art Music Sonorities SOUND PATTERNS A Structural Examination of Tonality, Vocabulary, Texture,
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